Day46 of #100DaysOfCode

#CodeTogether Day 46/100

Hii folks 🙌

Today I’m starting my 3rd pathway of UNIT 2 of Android Basics with Kotlin

Unit 2: Layouts

Pathway 3: Display a scrollable list

Source: https://developer.android.com/courses/android-basics-kotlin/course

Use Lists in Kotlin

Today I’m going to create and use lists in Kotlin and iterate over all items of a list and perform an action on each item.

• We will write down the code for the Kotlin list using the library function listOf() :

fun main() {
    val numbers = listOf(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
    println("List: $numbers")
    println("Size: ${numbers.size}")

    // Access elements of the list
    println("First element: ${numbers[0]}")
    println("Second element: ${numbers[1]}")
    println("Last index: ${numbers.size - 1}")
    println("Last element: ${numbers[numbers.size - 1]}")
    println("First: ${numbers.first()}")
    println("Last: ${numbers.last()}")

    // Use the contains() method
    println("Contains 4? ${numbers.contains(4)}")
    println("Contains 7? ${numbers.contains(7)}")
}

• After running the above code we get the following output:

List: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Size: 6
First element: 1
Second element: 2
Last index: 5
Last element: 6
First: 1
Last: 6
Contains 4? true
Contains 7? false

The lists are read-only so we cannot reinitialize the element of the list.

• We can also use the sorted() function to sort the list of unsorted numbers.

val oddNumbers = listOf(5, 3, 7, 1)
println("List: $oddNumbers")
println("Sorted list: ${oddNumbers.sorted()}")
List: [5, 3, 7, 1]
Sorted list: [1, 3, 5, 7]

• We can also create a mutable list in Kotlin which can be modified after creation.

fun main() {
    val entrees = mutableListOf<String>()
    println("Entrees: $entrees")

    // Add individual items using add()
    println("Add noodles: ${entrees.add("noodles")}")
    println("Entrees: $entrees")
    println("Add spaghetti: ${entrees.add("spaghetti")}")
    println("Entrees: $entrees")

    // Add a list of items using addAll()
    val moreItems = listOf("ravioli", "lasagna", "fettuccine")
    println("Add list: ${entrees.addAll(moreItems)}")
    println("Entrees: $entrees")

    // Remove an item using remove()
    println("Remove spaghetti: ${entrees.remove("spaghetti")}")
    println("Entrees: $entrees")
    println("Remove item that doesn't exist: ${entrees.remove("rice")}")
    println("Entrees: $entrees")

    // Remove an item using removeAt() with an index
    println("Remove first element: ${entrees.removeAt(0)}")
    println("Entrees: $entrees")

    // Clear out the list
    entrees.clear()
    println("Entrees: $entrees")

    // Check if the list is empty
    println("Empty? ${entrees.isEmpty()}")
}

• We can also use while or for loop to iterate over each item and perform an operation on each item in a list.

val guestsPerFamily = listOf(2, 4, 1, 3)
var totalGuests = 0
var index = 0
while (index < guestsPerFamily.size) {
    totalGuests += guestsPerFamily[index]
    index++
}
println("Total Guest Count: $totalGuests")
Total Guest Count: 10

• In case of for loop:

val names = listOf("Jessica", "Henry", "Alicia", "Jose")
for (name in names) {
    println("$name - Number of characters: ${name.length}")
}
Jessica - Number of characters: 7
Henry - Number of characters: 5
Alicia - Number of characters: 6
Jose - Number of characters: 4

We could use all the above learning to create a Kotlin program that can return the order number with the list of ordered items and the Total price of that order.

• Here is the solution code for the above problem statement:

open class Item(val name: String, val price: Int)

class Noodles : Item("Noodles", 10) {
    override fun toString(): String {
        return name
    }
}

class Vegetables(vararg val toppings: String) : Item("Vegetables", 5) {
    override fun toString(): String {
        if (toppings.isEmpty()) {
            return "$name Chef's Choice"
        } else {
            return name + " " + toppings.joinToString()
        }
    }
}

class Order(val orderNumber: Int) {
    private val itemList = mutableListOf<Item>()

    fun addItem(newItem: Item): Order {
        itemList.add(newItem)
        return this
    }

    fun addAll(newItems: List<Item>): Order {
        itemList.addAll(newItems)
        return this
    }

    fun print() {
        println("Order #${orderNumber}")
        var total = 0
        for (item in itemList) {
            println("${item}: $${item.price}")
            total += item.price
        }
        println("Total: $${total}")
    }
}

fun main() {
    val ordersList = mutableListOf<Order>()

    // Add an item to an order
    val order1 = Order(1)
    order1.addItem(Noodles())
    ordersList.add(order1)

    // Add multiple items individually
    val order2 = Order(2)
    order2.addItem(Noodles())
    order2.addItem(Vegetables())
    ordersList.add(order2)

    // Add a list of items at one time
    val order3 = Order(3)
    val items = listOf(Noodles(), Vegetables("Carrots", "Beans", "Celery"))
    order3.addAll(items)
    ordersList.add(order3)

    // Use builder pattern
    val order4 = Order(4)
        .addItem(Noodles())
        .addItem(Vegetables("Cabbage", "Onion"))
    ordersList.add(order4)

    // Create and add order directly
    ordersList.add(
        Order(5)
            .addItem(Noodles())
            .addItem(Noodles())
            .addItem(Vegetables("Spinach"))
    )

    // Print out each order
    for (order in ordersList) {
        order.print()
        println()
    }
}

The output of the above Kotlin Code

Today I Learned:

• Immutable and Mutable Lists in Kotlin
• Iterating and performing operations on the lists
• Performing sorted() and reversed() operation on the list.

That is all for Day46 ✅

Thanks for reading, See you tomorrow!